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Current concepts in mental retardation

B Willer, B Goldberg, J Intagliata

    American Family Physician
    |October 1, 1980
    PubMed
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    Normalization and the doctrine of least restrictive alternative are guiding principles for the rights of individuals with intellectual disabilities. These approaches prioritize normalized behavior and minimize infringement on patient rights while ensuring positive outcomes.

    Area of Science:

    • Social Sciences
    • Disability Studies
    • Psychology

    Background:

    • Growing awareness of the rights of individuals with disabilities has prompted a shift in treatment philosophies.
    • The principle of normalization emphasizes the right of individuals with intellectual disabilities to live in environments that foster normalized behavior.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the implications of normalization and the doctrine of least restrictive alternative in the treatment of individuals with intellectual disabilities.
    • To examine the tension between normalization and traditional institutionalization models.

    Main Methods:

    • Conceptual analysis of normalization principles.
    • Examination of the doctrine of least restrictive alternative in clinical practice.
    • Review of ethical considerations in intellectual disability treatment.

    Related Experiment Videos

    Main Results:

    • Normalization advocates for environments that promote typical behaviors and social integration.
    • The doctrine of least restrictive alternative mandates treatment strategies that minimally infringe upon patient rights.
    • A balance must be struck between individual rights and the necessity of effective treatment interventions.

    Conclusions:

    • The philosophy of care for individuals with intellectual disabilities is evolving towards rights-based approaches.
    • Normalization and least restrictive alternative are crucial frameworks for ethical and effective treatment.
    • Future treatment strategies must prioritize patient autonomy and normalized living experiences.