[Bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Course over 3 years in 88 children born between 1984 and 1988]

Area of Science:

• Neonatal Medicine
• Pediatric Pulmonology
• Developmental Pediatrics

Context:

• Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BD) significantly affects infant survival and long-term outcomes.
• Infant maturity, BD severity, and nutritional status are key determinants of prognosis.
• Chronic pulmonary failure's role in growth and development post-BD requires further evaluation.

Purpose:

• To assess the impact of chronic pulmonary failure on growth and development in infants recovering from bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BD).
• To compare neurodevelopmental outcomes of infants with BD to those without BD at two years of age.
• To identify risk factors associated with neurodevelopmental impairment in infants with BD.

Summary:

• A cohort of 88 infants with BD (gestational age 25-41 weeks) were studied, with outcomes compared to 272 infants without BD.
• At two years, 16/64 infants with BD were handicapped, 13 doubtful, and 35 normal. Risk factors included brain abnormalities, small head circumference, and prolonged oxygen/hospitalization.
• Infants with BD showed higher mortality (24% vs. 3.7%) and more neurodevelopmental impairment, particularly those born after 31 weeks gestation.

Impact:

• Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BD) presents an elevated risk for survival and neurodevelopment in infants born after 31 weeks gestation.
• Identifies critical risk factors like brain abnormalities and prolonged respiratory support, guiding early intervention strategies.
• Highlights the need for specialized follow-up care for infants with BD to mitigate long-term developmental challenges.