Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Remembering and knowing: two different expressions of declarative memory

B J Knowlton1, L R Squire

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, USA.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|May 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Implicit and explicit learning of Bayesian priors differently impacts bias during perceptual decision-making.

Scientific reports·2021
Same author

Intact priming for novel perceptual representations in amnesia.

Journal of cognitive neuroscience·2013
Same author

Declarative and nondeclarative memory: multiple brain systems supporting learning and memory.

Journal of cognitive neuroscience·2013
Same author

New semantic learning in patients with large medial temporal lobe lesions.

Hippocampus·2008
Same author

Yes/no recognition, forced-choice recognition, and the human hippocampus.

Journal of cognitive neuroscience·2007
Same author

On the contribution of perceptual fluency and priming to recognition memory.

Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience·2005

Amnesic patients show deficits in both remembering (R) and knowing (K) words, suggesting these memory types are not distinct explicit and implicit processes. Both rely on brain structures damaged in amnesia, with recollection requiring additional frontal lobe function.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuropsychology
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • The distinction between explicit and implicit memory is a cornerstone of memory research.
  • The recognition memory tasks often involve subjective experiences of remembering or knowing.
  • Amnesia provides a critical window into the neural underpinnings of memory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nature of "remembering" (R) and "knowing" (K) responses in recognition memory.
  • To determine if the R-K distinction reflects separate explicit and implicit memory systems.
  • To elucidate the neural substrates supporting R and K responses in amnesic patients.

Main Methods:

  • Amnesic patients and healthy controls completed a word recognition test after a 10-minute delay.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Participants distinguished between remembering (R) specific contextual details and knowing (K) the word's prior presentation.
  • A separate control group was tested at both 10 minutes and 1 week to assess memory decay and response shifts.

    • Main Results:

    • Amnesic patients were impaired in both R and K responses compared to controls tested after 10 minutes.
    • Amnesic performance mirrored that of controls tested after a 1-week delay, indicating significant memory impairment.
    • The proportion of R responses shifting to K responses was greater than K responses shifting to R, suggesting R can encompass K.

    Conclusions:

    • The R-K distinction does not map onto explicit versus implicit memory.
    • Both R and K responses are facets of declarative memory, relying on shared neural structures.
    • R responses additionally depend on frontal lobe structures for contextual information retrieval, which is impaired in amnesia.