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Tympanic membrane and otitis media

C Ruah1, R Penha, P Schachern

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Egas Moniz, Faculty of Medical Sciences, New University of Lisbon, Portugal.

Acta Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica Belgica
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

The tympanic membrane is a key part of the middle ear

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Immunology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • The tympanic membrane plays a role in middle ear defense.
  • It contains neural elements and mast cells.
  • Histological changes in otitis media are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the role of the tympanic membrane in middle ear defense.
  • To describe histological changes in the tympanic membrane associated with different types of otitis media.

Main Methods:

  • Histological examination of tympanic membranes.
  • Review of literature on middle ear defense mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • The tympanic membrane functions as a baroreceptor.
  • It possesses a neural network with inflammatory mediators.
  • Mast cells are abundant in the tympanic membrane.
  • Specific histological changes occur in purulent, serous, and chronic otitis media.

Conclusions:

  • The tympanic membrane is integral to middle ear immune and defense functions.
  • Understanding its histological changes is crucial for diagnosing and managing otitis media.

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