[Compartment syndrome as a postoperative complication of lithotomy position]

Surgical procedures necessitating the use of the lithotomy position can be associated with neuromuscular lesions, usually arising from compression of nerves and muscles. Compartment syndrome of the lower extremities is a grave complication which, if unrecognized, can lead to either permanent neuromuscular dysfunction or limb loss. We report two cases of compartment syndrome complicating surgery in the lithotomy position.