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Somatization. Diagnosis and management

R Noyes1, C S Holt, R G Kathol

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City, USA.

Archives of Family Medicine
|September 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Somatization, the physical expression of emotional distress, affects many primary care patients. Effective management involves validating symptoms and addressing underlying psychological issues like depression and anxiety.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Primary Care Medicine
  • Behavioral Medicine

Background:

  • Somatization, the physical manifestation of psychological distress, is prevalent in primary care.
  • It leads to significant patient distress, functional impairment, and increased healthcare utilization.
  • Subtypes include somatization disorder, hypochondriasis, and somatic presentations of depression and anxiety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the characteristics of somatizing patients.
  • To describe effective strategies for recognizing and managing somatization in primary care settings.
  • To discuss treatment approaches for associated psychological conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on somatization in primary care.
  • Clinical observation and characterization of somatizing patient profiles.

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  • Synthesis of management principles and treatment considerations.

    • Main Results:

    • Somatizing patients often exhibit abnormal illness behaviors and psychological distress.
    • Recognition hinges on identifying characteristic features and employing skillful interviewing.
    • Management requires legitimizing symptoms, judicious workups, and regular follow-up.

    Conclusions:

    • Successful management of somatization necessitates a patient-centered approach, focusing on symptom validation and addressing psychological comorbidities.
    • While specific treatments lack proven efficacy, managing depression and anxiety is crucial.
    • Maintaining the physician-patient relationship is key to effective care.