The social consequences of long-term breastfeeding

Area of Science:

• Sociology
• Maternal Health
• Lactation Studies

Background:

• Long-term breastfeeding can lead to social stigma in unsupportive cultures.
• Mothers often face negative reactions and comments from others regarding extended breastfeeding durations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To examine the social consequences of long-term breastfeeding for mothers.
• To understand how mothers cope with negative societal reactions to prolonged breastfeeding.

Main Methods:

• A closed-ended questionnaire was completed by 179 women recruited from La Leche League conferences (1989-1991).
• The study focused on breastfeeding and weaning experiences, including perceptions of social stigma and positive/negative aspects.

Main Results:

• Social stigma increased with breastfeeding duration: 29% (past 6 months), 44% (past 12 months), and 61% (past 24 months).
• Mothers reported significantly more positive aspects (M=6.18) than negative aspects (M=0.85) of breastfeeding.
• Positive aspects centered on the strong emotional bond and mutual emotional benefits for mother and child.

Conclusions:

• Mother-to-mother support, spousal support, and maternal confidence buffered criticism.
• Despite negative feelings caused by criticism, it had minimal impact on actual breastfeeding behaviors.