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Microprocessor-programmed infusion of theophylline rapidly attained expected steady-state level in rabbit plasma
1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical College, China.
Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao = Acta Pharmacologica Sinica
|September 1, 1994
Summary
A novel microprocessor-controlled infusion system rapidly achieves and maintains target drug concentrations. This programmable controller demonstrated high accuracy for theophylline infusion in rabbits, with a median absolute performance error of 8.3%.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacokinetics and Drug Delivery
- Biomedical Engineering
- Computational Modeling
Background:
- Achieving and maintaining stable plasma drug concentrations is crucial for effective therapy.
- Traditional infusion methods can be slow to reach steady-state and prone to fluctuations.
- Accurate pharmacokinetic modeling is essential for precise drug administration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate a microprocessor-programmed infusion controller for rapid achievement and maintenance of steady-state plasma drug concentrations.
- To assess the performance and accuracy of the controller using theophylline in a rabbit model.
- To validate a two-compartmental model for predicting drug infusion rates.
Main Methods:
- A custom microprocessor-programmed infusion controller was designed and connected to an infusion pump.
- Theophylline's pharmacokinetic parameters in rabbits were used to program the controller.
- A two-compartmental model and specific equations were employed to calculate infusion rates (Kt) and predict concentrations (C(t)).
- The controller automatically calculated drug concentration, total volume, and infusion parameters.
- Theophylline plasma concentrations were measured using a colorimetric method to assess performance.
Main Results:
- The programmed infusion controller rapidly achieved the target steady-state plasma concentration (Cpss) within 30 minutes (5 T1/2 alpha).
- The drug concentration was well-maintained after reaching steady-state.
- The median absolute value of the performance error (MAVPE) was 8.3%, indicating high accuracy.
- Despite a long terminal half-life (T1/2 beta) of 6.08 hours for theophylline, the system effectively managed infusion.
Conclusions:
- The self-made microprocessor-programmed infusion controller is effective for rapid and precise achievement of steady-state drug concentrations.
- The developed two-compartmental model and control system provide accurate drug infusion profiles.
- This technology offers a significant improvement over conventional methods for maintaining therapeutic drug levels.