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Outcomes: two directions--research and management

B M Jennings

    AACN Clinical Issues
    |February 1, 1995
    PubMed
    Summary

    Outcomes research and management emerged due to rising healthcare costs. Understanding both effectiveness and efficiency is crucial for nursing professionals navigating these distinct but related concepts.

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    Area of Science:

    • Health Services Research
    • Nursing Science
    • Healthcare Policy

    Background:

    • The late 1980s saw the rise of outcomes research, driven by policymakers' demand for cost-effective analysis of healthcare treatments.
    • More recently, outcomes management programs have emerged, focusing on efficiency rather than just effectiveness.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the evolution and distinct characteristics of outcomes research and outcomes management.
    • To highlight the dual nature of the concept of 'outcomes' in healthcare.
    • To identify the challenges this presents for the nursing profession.

    Main Methods:

    • Conceptual analysis of the development of outcomes research and management.
    • Comparative examination of the focus of outcomes research (effectiveness) and outcomes management (efficiency).

    Main Results:

    • Outcomes research emerged in the late 1980s, emphasizing the objective analysis of treatment effectiveness and cost-effectiveness.
    • Outcomes management focuses on the efficiency of healthcare interventions.
    • The concept of 'outcomes' has diverged into two related but distinct areas: research and management.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding both the research (effectiveness) and management (efficiency) perspectives of outcomes is essential for nurses.
    • The nursing profession faces the challenge of integrating knowledge from both outcomes research and outcomes management.
    • Navigating these two directions of outcomes is critical for advancing patient care and healthcare systems.

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