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Selection of biomaterials for middle and inner ear implants
K J Dormer1, G E Bryce, J V Hough
1University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City.
Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
|February 1, 1995
Summary
Metals are preferred for hermetic sealing in middle ear implants, unlike polymers. Hydroxyapatite coatings enhance osteocompatibility, but osseointegration is not needed for ossicular implants.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Medical Device Engineering
- Otolaryngology
Background:
- Selection of biomaterials for middle ear implantable devices is critical.
- Implant site and mass influence material choice.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline key considerations for selecting biomaterials for middle ear implants.
- To discuss material properties relevant to ossicular device function and longevity.
Main Methods:
- Review of material properties relevant to hermetic sealing.
- Analysis of osteocompatibility enhancement strategies.
- Evaluation of osseointegration necessity for ossicular implants.
Main Results:
- Metals provide superior hermetic sealing compared to polymers for implants.
- Calcium phosphates, like hydroxyapatite coatings, improve osteocompatibility.
- Osseointegration is unnecessary and potentially undesirable for ossicular implants.
Conclusions:
- Material selection for middle ear implants depends on implantation site and device mass.
- Metals are recommended for hermetic sealing, and hydroxyapatite for osteocompatibility.
- Ossicular implants do not require osseointegration due to potential replacement needs and functional requirements.
