Related Experiment Videos
Positive PPD and chemoprophylaxis for tuberculosis infection
1Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, USA.
American Family Physician
|June 1, 1995
Summary
Tuberculosis screening using purified protein derivative (PPD) involves measuring induration size. Positive reactions indicate potential tuberculosis infection, guiding treatment decisions for various risk groups.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
- Public Health
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern.
- Accurate screening is crucial for early detection and treatment.
- Purified protein derivative (PPD) testing is a common diagnostic tool.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define positive PPD test reactions based on induration size.
- To outline treatment recommendations for different risk groups.
- To guide management of individuals exposed to or at risk for TB.
Main Methods:
- Administering purified protein derivative (PPD) intradermally.
- Measuring induration diameter 48-72 hours post-administration.
- Classifying reactions based on induration size (5mm, 10mm, 15mm+) and patient risk factors.
Main Results:
- A 5mm+ induration is positive for close contacts, those with TB radiographic findings, or HIV-infected individuals.
- 10mm+ induration is positive for individuals at increased TB risk.
- 15mm+ induration is positive for all other individuals.
Conclusions:
- PPD test interpretation varies by individual risk factors and exposure history.
- Treatment regimens, including isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, ofloxacin, or ciprofloxacin, are recommended based on test results and patient profile.
- Specific protocols are advised for HIV-infected patients and contacts of multidrug-resistant TB cases.