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Infective endocarditis in neonates

A H Daher1, F E Berkowitz

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

Clinical Pediatrics
|April 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Infective endocarditis (IE) in infants is often linked to central venous catheters and congenital heart disease. Staphylococci and Candida are common culprits, necessitating blood cultures and echocardiography for diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Infective endocarditis (IE) in neonates and infants presents unique challenges.
  • Early identification and diagnosis are crucial for improving outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify predisposing factors and clinical signs of IE in infants younger than 3 months.
  • To suggest diagnostic criteria for neonatal IE.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 16 infants diagnosed with IE.
  • Analysis of maternal/infant risk factors, clinical and laboratory features.
  • Review of microbiological and echocardiographic findings.

Main Results:

  • Key infant risk factors included congenital heart disease, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), and central venous catheters.

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  • Common clinical signs were cardiac murmurs, hepatomegaly, and skin abscesses.
  • Staphylococci and Candida were the most frequent microorganisms; echocardiography identified vegetations in most cases.

    • Conclusions:

    • Central venous catheters and congenital heart disease are primary risk factors for neonatal IE.
    • Staphylococci and Candida species are the main causative agents.
    • Blood/urine cultures and echocardiography are vital diagnostic tools; proposed criteria include definite, probable, and possible IE.