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Acral lentiginous melanoma

C A Ridgeway¹, T J Hieken, S G Ronan

¹Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago.

Archives of Surgery (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)

|January 1, 1995

Summary

Acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) does not independently impact patient outcomes. Tumor thickness, not histologic subtype, is the key prognostic factor for survival in melanoma patients.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Dermatopathology
Surgical Oncology

Background:

Acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) is a distinct histologic subtype of cutaneous melanoma.
ALM often presents in older individuals with diverse ethnic backgrounds and on lower extremities.
Previous studies suggested potential differences in prognosis for ALM compared to other melanoma subtypes.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine if acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) has independent prognostic significance.
To compare survival outcomes and lymph node metastasis rates among different melanoma histologic subtypes.

Main Methods:

Retrospective case series review of 56 patients with histologically confirmed ALM.
Analysis included lymph node metastases, disease-free survival, and overall survival.
Logistic regression and multifactorial analysis were used, controlling for tumor thickness.

Main Results:

No significant difference in lymph node metastasis rates was observed between ALM and other melanoma subtypes.
After adjusting for tumor thickness, disease-free and overall survival were similar across histologic groups.
Tumor thickness was identified as the sole significant prognostic variable for survival.

Conclusions:

The histologic subtype of acral lentiginous melanoma does not confer independent prognostic significance.
Patient age, ethnicity, and tumor location characteristics associated with ALM do not independently affect outcomes.
Melanoma tumor thickness remains the primary determinant of prognosis, regardless of histologic subtype.

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