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An inversion algorithm for determining area-source emissions from downwind concentration measurements

M Lehning1, D R Shonnard, D P Chang

  • 1University of California, Davis.

Air & Waste : Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association
|October 1, 1994
PubMed
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Accurately measuring emissions from area sources is challenging. This study presents a reliable method using downwind concentration data and atmospheric dispersion models to reconstruct emission rates and distributions, validated by field tests.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Atmospheric Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Accurate measurement of emissions from nonuniform area sources, like waste sites, remains a significant challenge due to the lack of simple, reliable methods.
  • Existing methods often struggle with the complexity of spatial emission distributions and atmospheric transport variability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an objective method for reconstructing total emission rates and spatial distributions from nonuniform area sources.
  • To compare the effectiveness of the Gaussian dispersion model against a more realistic K-theory based model for emission source reconstruction.
  • To identify optimal atmospheric conditions for the accurate application of the proposed inversion method.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing downwind ground-level concentration measurements to invert and reconstruct source emission characteristics.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparing Gaussian dispersion models with K-theory and similarity expressions for atmospheric dispersion.
  • Conducting field experiments with sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer releases from a simulated area source.
  • Performing sensitivity analyses to determine the influence of atmospheric conditions on method accuracy.

    • Main Results:

    • The study demonstrates that a few ground-level concentration measurements are sufficient to accurately determine total emission rates under neutral to stable atmospheric conditions.
    • Reconstruction of the spatial emission pattern is feasible using data from two receptor lines, provided wind direction shifts and time-invariant emission rates.
    • Field studies confirmed the method's ability to accurately reconstruct both total emission rates and source distributions.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed inversion method offers a reliable approach for measuring emissions from challenging area sources.
    • Accurate emission rate determination is achievable with limited measurements under specific, favorable atmospheric conditions.
    • The method provides a pathway for detailed spatial emission mapping, crucial for environmental monitoring and management.