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Updated: Aug 19, 2026

Anatomical Reconstructions of the Human Cardiac Venous System using Contrast-computed Tomography of Perfusion-fixed Specimens
Published on: April 18, 2013
Multiple anomalies of caval veins in a patient with pulmonic stenosis
R R Mantri1, R Bajaj, S Shrivastava
1Department of Cardiology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
Abstract:
Anomalies of the supra-diaphragmatic portion of the inferior caval vein are rare in patients with normal sinus. We recently encountered a patient with situs solitus and infundibular pulmonic stenosis who had bifurcation of the supra-diaphramatic portion of the inferior caval vein with anomalous high insertion of one portion into the mid-right atrium. The other division joined the coronary sinus which also received a persistent left superior caval vein and left hepatic veins. Biplane angiography was used to delineate the anatomy. Pre-operative delineation is required as this anomaly complicates cardio-pulmonary bypass.
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