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Cerebrovascular disease in children
D Nagaraja1, A Verma, A B Taly
1Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India.
Acta Neurologica Scandinavica
|October 1, 1994
Summary
Pediatric stroke, though uncommon, significantly impacts children. This study highlights key clinical features, diagnostic challenges, and identified etiological factors in childhood stroke cases.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pediatrics
- Radiology
Background:
- Stroke is a critical cause of morbidity in children.
- It represents 10% of strokes in young individuals and 0.7% of pediatric admissions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, and etiological factors of stroke in children.
- To underscore the diagnostic challenges associated with pediatric stroke.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 43 pediatric stroke cases over 8 years.
- Utilized clinical examination, routine laboratory tests, cranial computerized tomography (CCT), and angiograms for diagnosis.
- Investigated identified etiological factors including Moya-moya disease, arteritis, and others.
Main Results:
- Hemiplegia, convulsions, and fever were the most common clinical features.
- CCT scans revealed infarction in 95% of cases, often in the middle cerebral artery territory.
- Angiograms were abnormal in 78% of patients, complementing CCT findings.
- Identified etiological factors included Moya-moya disease, arteritis, and fibromuscular dysplasia.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric stroke presents with diverse clinical features and poses diagnostic challenges.
- Advanced imaging like CCT and angiography are crucial for diagnosis and understanding the extent of infarction.
- Identifying specific etiological factors is vital for appropriate management of childhood stroke.