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Working memory dysfunction in schizophrenia

P S Goldman-Rakic1

  • 1Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.

The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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New research on prefrontal cortex function reveals its role in maintaining information. A working memory deficit may underlie thought disorders in schizophrenia.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Primate Research

Background:

  • Recent advancements in anatomical, behavioral, and physiological techniques offer novel insights into prefrontal cortex (PFC) function.
  • These findings are reshaping our understanding of PFC's role and its potential connection to human mental disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the nature of prefrontal function, its cellular basis, and anatomical connections in nonhuman primates.
  • To investigate the link between prefrontal function, working memory, and the cognitive deficits observed in schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized advanced anatomical, behavioral, and physiological techniques in nonhuman primates.
  • Analyzed cognitive function in animal models, normal human subjects, brain-injured individuals, and schizophrenic patients.

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Main Results:

  • Identified that diverse prefrontal areas are crucial for maintaining information online and real-time updating of data.
  • Evidence from animal and human studies supports the critical role of working memory in guiding behavior through representations.

Conclusions:

  • A fundamental impairment in working memory, defined as the ability to guide behavior by representations, may be the core issue in schizophrenic thought disorder.
  • Understanding prefrontal function provides potential insights into the neurobiological underpinnings of human mental disorders like schizophrenia.