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Gut hormones in gastric function

K C Lloyd1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.

Bailliere'S Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Gut hormones like gastrin are key regulators of gastric acid secretion. Other hormones and peptides, identified using advanced methods, also significantly influence gastric function and acid control.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Endocrinology
  • Neurogastroenterology

Background:

  • Gastric function, particularly acid secretion, is regulated by various gut hormones.
  • Gastrin is the primary hormone stimulating gastric acid secretion across different phases.
  • Other gastrointestinal hormones and neural peptides play significant roles in modulating gastric activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the roles of gut hormones in regulating gastric acid secretion and motor function.
  • To highlight the mechanisms by which different hormones influence gastric physiology.
  • To discuss methodologies for assessing the specific contributions of gut hormones.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on gut hormone function.
  • Discussion of in vivo immunoneutralization studies using monoclonal antibodies.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Explanation of receptor blockade experiments with selective chemical antagonists.

    • Main Results:

    • Gastrin is the principal hormone controlling gastric acid secretion.
    • Hormones like cholecystokinin, peptide YY, secretin, enteroglucagon, and glucagon-like peptide inhibit gastric acid secretion.
    • Neural peptides such as gastrin-releasing peptide and vasoactive intestinal peptide modulate gastric acid and motor function.
    • Somatostatin acts as a final mediator for acid inhibition by several gut hormones.

    Conclusions:

    • Gut hormones are critical regulators of gastric acid secretion and function.
    • Specific antibodies and antagonists enable precise assessment of individual hormone contributions.
    • Understanding these hormonal pathways is essential for comprehending gastric physiology.