Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 3, 2026
10:22
Basophil Activation Test for Investigation of IgE-Mediated Mechanisms in Drug Hypersensitivity
Published on: September 16, 2011
35.1K
Anaphylactoid reactions to iodinated contrast material
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|September 1, 1978
Summary
Anaphylactoid reactions to iodinated contrast media (ICM) are non-antibody mediated, involving inflammatory mediators. Pretreatment can effectively reduce the severity and frequency of future reactions in susceptible patients.
Area of Science:
- Radiology
- Pharmacology
- Immunology
Background:
- Anaphylactoid reactions are adverse events associated with iodinated contrast media (ICM) administration.
- Understanding the mechanisms of these reactions is crucial for patient safety in diagnostic imaging.
Observation:
- Literature review indicates anaphylactoid reactions to ICM are not antibody-mediated.
- These reactions involve complex activation of inflammatory mediators, including histamine release and complement activation.
- Both in vitro and in vivo studies support these mechanisms.
Findings:
- Histamine release and complement activation are key components in the pathophysiology of ICM-induced anaphylactoid reactions.
- The non-antibody-mediated nature suggests a direct effect of the contrast material on inflammatory pathways.
Implications:
- Pretreatment strategies can be effective in mitigating the risk of recurrent anaphylactoid reactions.
- Identifying patients with a history of reactions allows for targeted preventative measures.
- This knowledge aids in developing safer contrast media protocols and patient management guidelines.
Related Concept Videos
02:06Allergic Reactions
26.4K
Overview
26.4K
01:27Allergic Drug Reactions
1.6K
Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
1.6K
01:30Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT
1.8K
Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
1.8K
01:30Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions
209
Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...
209
01:30Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis
280
Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
280
01:19Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions
269
Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum...
269