Chronic cutaneous ulcers: etiology and epidemiology

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Epidemiology
• Public Health

Background:

• Chronic cutaneous ulcers, primarily pressure ulcers and leg ulcers, are common in the United States.
• Current epidemiologic data, especially for leg ulcers, are insufficient.
• Existing data on pressure ulcers are mainly from acute and chronic care facilities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the epidemiology of pressure ulcers and leg ulcers in the United States.
• To highlight the lack of comprehensive epidemiologic information.
• To emphasize the need for further research and national surveys.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on the epidemiology of pressure ulcers and leg ulcers.
• Identification of data gaps within the United States.
• Discussion of necessary future research methodologies.

Main Results:

• Significant gaps exist in the epidemiologic data for chronic leg ulcers in the U.S.
• More accurate incidence and prevalence data for pressure ulcers require national surveys.
• Multicenter studies are essential for detailed pressure ulcer epidemiology (by stage, setting, cost).

Conclusions:

• Pressure ulcers and leg ulcers likely constitute the majority of chronic cutaneous ulcers in the U.S.
• Urgent need for robust epidemiologic studies, including national surveys and multicenter research.
• High-risk populations (spinal cord injury, elderly, immobilized) require focused attention.