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Toxic effects of solanum malacoxylon on sheep bone
J C Woodard1, G Berra, B Ruksan
1Department of Comparative and Experimental Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610.
Bone
|January 1, 1994
Summary
Oral administration of Solanum malacoxylon (Sm) to sheep increased bone density and thickness. However, it caused a temporary mineralization defect, leading to unmineralized bone foci and acid mucopolysaccharide accumulation.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Bone Biology
- Toxicology
Context:
- Solanum malacoxylon (Sm) is a plant known to cause calcinosis.
- The plant contains 1,25-(OH)2D3 glycoside, a potent form of Vitamin D.
- Understanding the effects of Sm on bone metabolism is crucial for animal health.
Purpose:
- To investigate the effects of oral administration of Solanum malacoxylon on bone structure and mineralization in sheep.
- To characterize the temporal changes in bone remodeling and mineralization following Sm exposure.
Summary:
- Sheep orally administered 50mg of air-dried Solanum malacoxylon leaves three times weekly showed increased cancellous bone volume density and trabecular thickness in lumbar vertebrae.
- Bone biopsies after 1 month revealed increased bone-forming surfaces and osteoid volume, indicating initial bone formation.
- A transitory mineralization defect occurred, resulting in unmineralized osteones and accumulation of acid mucopolysaccharide on bone surfaces, suggesting impaired matrix mineralization.
- Limited tetracycline labeling after 180 days indicated minimal bone remodeling activity.
Impact:
- Solanum malacoxylon exposure leads to significant alterations in bone structure and mineralization in sheep.
- The study highlights a transient mineralization defect and associated biochemical changes, providing insights into calcinogenic plant toxicity.
- Findings contribute to understanding the pathogenesis of hyperostosis induced by vitamin D analogs in bone.