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Complement activation on solid surfaces as determined by C3 deposition and hemolytic consumption

L Liu1, H Elwing

  • 1Department of Physics and Measurement Technology, Linköping University, Sweden.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Complement activation on surfaces is complex. IgG pre-coating can trigger activation, but surface chemistry and binding reversibility affect C3 deposition, impacting assay reliability for complement studies.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Immunology
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Complement activation on biomaterials is crucial for biocompatibility assessment.
  • Hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces exhibit different protein interactions.
  • Understanding surface-mediated complement activation is vital for preventing adverse immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate complement activation on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces.
  • To evaluate the impact of IgG pre-adsorption on complement deposition.
  • To assess the reliability of surface-based assays for detecting complement activation.

Main Methods:

  • Hemolytic assay and iC3b measurement to detect complement activation.
  • Ellipsometry to quantify deposited organic material (C3).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Incubation of glass and silicon surfaces with serum, IgG, and anti-IgG.

    • Main Results:

    • Minimal complement activation detected on bare hydrophilic and hydrophobic glass beads.
    • IgG pre-adsorption induced complement activation on both surface types.
    • C3 deposition occurred on IgG-coated hydrophobic silicon but not hydrophilic silicon.
    • Reversible IgG binding on hydrophilic surfaces likely prevented C3 deposition.
    • Double-layer IgG/anti-IgG coating enabled C3 deposition on hydrophilic surfaces.

    Conclusions:

    • Surface chemistry and IgG binding reversibility influence complement activation and C3 deposition.
    • Surface-based assays (e.g., ellipsometry) may underestimate complement activation due to reversible binding.
    • Assays measuring soluble factors (e.g., C3a) can also be confounded by surface immobilization.
    • Careful consideration of assay methodologies is essential for accurate assessment of complement activation in biomaterial research.