[Genes of the Y chromosome and Turner syndrome]

Turner syndrome is a complex human phenotype most commonly seen in association with a 45,X karyotype and it has been proposed that the phenotype is the result of monosomy for genes common to the X and Y chromosomes. Detection of unrecognized Y derived material is now possible by PCR of the SRY gene. Its presence is correlated with the presence of testicular tissue, known to increase the risk of developing gonadal neoplasia. Study of Y chromosome allowed the localisation of a candidate gene for the development of gonadoblastoma, GBY. Moreover, some groups described genes on the Y chromosome whose defects seem to be involved in the development of Turner stigmata: ZFY and RPS4Y. In conclusion; molecular genetics of the Y chromosome develops new pathophysiological and fundamental perspectives of the molecular genetics of the Turner syndrome.