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Tissue reactions to subcutaneously implanted, surface-modified silicones

T Okada1, Y Ikada

  • 1Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Kyoto University, Japan.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
|December 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Modifying silicone surfaces with certain treatments, like acrylic acid grafting or collagen immobilization, significantly reduced tissue capsule thickness around implants in rats. This highlights the impact of surface chemistry on biomedical material biocompatibility.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Medical-grade silicone elastomers are widely used in implants.
  • Understanding surface properties' impact on tissue response is crucial for improving implant biocompatibility.
  • Previous studies have explored various surface modification techniques for biomaterials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how different surface modifications of silicone elastomers affect subcutaneous tissue reactions in rats.
  • To determine if surface property alterations can mitigate adverse tissue responses like capsule formation.
  • To correlate specific surface treatments with reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and foreign-body giant cell presence.

Main Methods:

  • Medical-grade silicone elastomer surfaces were modified using corona discharge oxidation, graft polymerization, polysaccharide coating, and protein immobilization.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Surface-modified silicone sheets were implanted into the subcutaneous tissue of rats.
  • Tissue reactions, including inflammatory cell infiltration, foreign-body giant cell formation, and collagenous capsule thickness, were evaluated after 16 weeks.

    • Main Results:

    • Nontreated silicone implants formed collagenous capsules ranging from 85-95 microns in thickness.
    • Most surface modifications resulted in reduced capsule thickness compared to controls.
    • Acrylic acid-grafted and collagen-immobilized silicone surfaces showed the most significant reduction in capsule thickness.

    Conclusions:

    • Surface modification of silicone elastomers can significantly alter host tissue responses.
    • Specific surface treatments, particularly acrylic acid grafting and collagen immobilization, effectively reduce fibrous capsule formation around implants.
    • Tailoring surface properties offers a promising strategy for enhancing the biocompatibility of silicone-based medical devices.