Early determinants of delinquency and violence

The past several decades have resulted in an explosion of knowledge about the development of young children, knowledge that is often underused in the policy-making process. This paper reviews established risk factors for later delinquency and violence that are present prior to school age. The results suggest that established population-based efforts in education and health should be expanded, in anticipation of reducing violent behavior. More intensive intervention efforts that provide a continuum of services for children and families during a vulnerable development period also are warranted. New research directions also are described.