Influence of surface morphology on in vitro bacterial adherence to central venous catheters

The detailed surface topography of five polyurethane central venous catheters (CVC) (Hydrocath, Deltacath, Certofix trio, Arrow-Howes and Multicath three) was examined by scanning electron microscopy and laser profilometry. The results were correlated with the ability of Staphylococcus epidermidis to adhere to each CVC. Hydrocath CVC had the smoothest surface, as determined by profile peak values of 0.17 microns (Ra) and 0.94 microns (Rz). These CVC also had the lowest number of staphylococci adhering to the surface. In contrast, Certofix trio CVC had an irregular surface (Ra 1.29 microns and Rz 6.35 microns) which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. These latter CVC had significantly more bacteria colonizing their surface compared with Hydrocath and Arrow-Howes CVC (P < 0.01). The results suggest that a CVC with a smooth surface, absent of surface defects, may reduce the risk of colonization with bacteria and therefore subsequent sepsis.