[Systemic strongyloidiasis. Hyperinfection syndrome and disseminated strongyloidiasis]

Hyperinfection syndrome and disseminated strongyloidiasis are serious complications to the rather harmless upper bowel infection with Strongyloides stercoralis. The infection is endemic in tropical and subtropical climates as well as in many parts of Eastern Europe. Systemic strongyloidiasis occurs mainly in immunosuppressed patients, but apparently not in HIV-patients. The condition has a significant mortality. Early diagnosis and sufficient treatment is essential to reduce the mortality. The treatment is thiabendazole or albendazole. With increased travel and immigration the infection and its complications can also be seen in non-endemic areas. A case report is presented to heighten awareness of this serious condition, which is preventable.