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Toxic effects of Solanum malacoxylon on sheep bone
J C Woodard1, G Berra, B Ruksan
1Department of Comparative and Experimental Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida.
Bone
|September 1, 1993
Summary
Solanum malacoxylon (Sm) administration to sheep increased bone density and thickness. However, it caused a temporary mineralization defect, leading to unmineralized bone foci and acid mucopolysaccharide accumulation.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Pathology
- Bone Biology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Solanum malacoxylon (Sm) is a plant known to cause calcinosis.
- It contains 1,25-(OH)2D3 glycoside, a potent form of Vitamin D.
- This study investigates the effects of Sm on bone metabolism in sheep.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of oral Solanum malacoxylon administration on sheep bone structure.
- To assess bone remodeling activity and mineralization following Sm treatment.
- To characterize the nature of bone changes induced by Sm.
Main Methods:
- Sheep were orally administered 50 mg of air-dried Solanum malacoxylon leaves three times weekly for 180 days.
- Bone biopsies were collected at 30-day intervals for analysis.
- Histological examination, including tetracycline labeling, was performed to assess bone formation and mineralization.
Main Results:
- Increased cancellous bone volume density and trabecular thickness in lumbar vertebrae were observed.
- A transient mineralization defect occurred, characterized by unmineralized lines and foci within osteones.
- Acid mucopolysaccharide accumulation was identified on bone surfaces, particularly in 30-day biopsy specimens.
Conclusions:
- Solanum malacoxylon administration leads to hyperostosis and increased bone density in sheep.
- The plant induces a temporary mineralization defect associated with altered matrix composition.
- These findings highlight the complex effects of Sm on bone metabolism and structure.