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Related Experiment Videos

Changes in coeliac disease behaviour over the years

G Bottaro1, P Failla, N Rotolo

  • 11st Paediatric Clinic, Catania University, Italy.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|June 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

The incidence of coeliac disease in Sicilian children has increased, with diagnoses rising after the antigliadin antibody test was introduced. Chronic diarrhea remains the most common symptom, appearing early in life.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Coeliac disease is an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten.
  • Early diagnosis and management are crucial for preventing long-term complications in children.
  • The introduction of serological markers like antigliadin antibodies has improved diagnostic capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate trends in coeliac disease incidence and clinical presentation in Sicilian children.
  • To evaluate the impact of introducing the antigliadin antibody test on diagnosis rates.
  • To describe the typical age of onset and key symptoms in pediatric coeliac disease.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 325 coeliac children diagnosed between 1984 and 1989 in Sicily.

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  • Children divided into two groups based on diagnosis period: 1984-1986 (pre-antibody test) and 1987-1989 (post-antibody test).
  • Analysis of demographic data, age at onset, age at diagnosis, and clinical symptoms.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant increase in diagnoses was observed after the introduction of the antigliadin antibody test (117 cases pre-test vs. 208 cases post-test).
    • Disease onset and diagnosis predominantly occurred within the second year of life, with peaks around 9 and 12 months, respectively.
    • Chronic diarrhea was the most frequent symptom (70-75%), while other symptoms like short stature and delayed puberty showed no significant changes.

    Conclusions:

    • Coeliac disease incidence has been increasing in Sicily, particularly following the adoption of serological testing.
    • The classic clinical presentation, characterized by chronic diarrhea and growth failure in early childhood, remains prevalent.
    • The antigliadin antibody test has enhanced the early detection of coeliac disease in pediatric populations.