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Strangles

J F Timoney1

  • 1Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington.

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice
|August 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Strangles, caused by Streptococcus equi, affects horses. Current vaccines offer limited protection compared to natural immunity, highlighting a need for improved strangles vaccines.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Equine Infectious Diseases
  • Bacteriology

Background:

  • Strangles is a highly contagious upper respiratory tract infection in horses.
  • It is caused by the bacterium Streptococcus equi.
  • Understanding strangles is crucial for equine health management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the etiology, epizootiology, pathogenesis, and clinical presentation of strangles.
  • To review the immune responses conferring protection against Streptococcus equi.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of current strangles vaccines.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on Streptococcus equi and strangles.
  • Analysis of host-pathogen interactions and immune mechanisms.
  • Comparison of vaccine-induced immunity with natural immunity post-infection.

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Main Results:

  • Streptococcus equi is a host-adapted bacterium with no antigenic variation.
  • Protective immunity involves both serum opsonic and mucosal humoral responses.
  • Vaccines (M protein or inactivated bacteria) reduce clinical attack rate by approximately 50%.

Conclusions:

  • Natural recovery from strangles confers superior protection compared to current vaccines.
  • Further research is needed to develop more effective strangles vaccines.
  • Improved vaccination strategies are essential for controlling strangles outbreaks in equids.