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Neonatal circulatory changes: an echocardiographic study

T Riggs, S Hirschfeld, C Bormuth

    Pediatrics
    |March 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study on newborn infants found that the right ventricular pre-ejection period/right ventricular ejection time ratio changes with age. This ratio may help evaluate pulmonary vascular resistance noninvasively in newborns.

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal cardiology
    • Pediatric cardiovascular physiology

    Background:

    • Systolic time intervals (STIs) are crucial for assessing cardiac function.
    • Understanding normal neonatal cardiovascular adaptation is essential for early diagnosis of potential issues.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate changes in right and left ventricular systolic time intervals in normal full-term infants during the first three days of life.
    • To determine the correlation between these changes and postnatal age.
    • To assess the potential of these intervals in noninvasively evaluating the neonatal pulmonary vascular bed.

    Main Methods:

    • Serial echocardiograms were performed on 38 normal full-term infants within the first 72 hours of life.
    • Right ventricular systolic time intervals (pulmonic valve) and left ventricular systolic time intervals (aortic valve) were measured.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Heart rate, left ventricular pre-ejection period (LPEP), left ventricular ejection time (LVET), and their ratio were analyzed.
  • Right ventricular pre-ejection period (RPEP), right ventricular ejection time (RVET), and their ratio were analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • Left ventricular systolic time intervals (LPEP, LVET, LPEP/LVET ratio) showed no significant variation with increasing postnatal age.
    • Right ventricular pre-ejection period (RPEP) shortened, and right ventricular ejection time (RVET) lengthened with increasing age.
    • The RPEP/RVET ratio demonstrated a significant decrease as infants aged.

    Conclusions:

    • Ventricular systolic time intervals exhibit distinct developmental patterns in early neonatal life.
    • The RPEP/RVET ratio's decrease correlates with declining pulmonary artery diastolic pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance.
    • The RPEP/RVET ratio shows promise as a noninvasive tool for assessing the neonatal pulmonary vascular bed.