Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Memory independence and memory interference in cognitive development

C J Brainerd1, V F Reyna

  • 1Department of Educational Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721.

Psychological Review
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Perceiving semantic attributes.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition·2026
Same author

Deep distortions in faces and places.

Memory & cognition·2025
Same author

Developmental change and invariance in verbatim and gist memory: Cross-sectional and longitudinal applications of the dual-retrieval model.

Psychology and aging·2025
Same author

Memory framing.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition·2025
Same author

How gist and association affect false memory: False recognition and gist rating norms.

Behavior research methods·2025
Same author

Developmental invariance in deep distortions.

Psychology and aging·2025
Same journal

Perception and action as one: Re-integrating research on human action through event files.

Psychological review·2026
Same journal

Associative learning explains "intuitive statistics" in animals.

Psychological review·2026
Same journal

A reciprocal model of practice and skill: Navigating between dropout and expertise.

Psychological review·2026
Same journal

The relative psychometric function: A general analysis framework for relating psychological processes.

Psychological review·2026
Same journal

A taxonomy of discriminatory behavior.

Psychological review·2026
Same journal

Extreme-value signal detection theory for recognition memory: The parametric road not taken.

Psychological review·2026
See all related articles

Age improvements in reasoning and memory are often separate. Fuzzy-trace theory suggests reasoning uses gist, not exact recall, explaining this memory-independence effect in children.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Development
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Memory and Reasoning

Background:

  • Recent experiments reveal age-related reasoning gains are often independent of memory improvements.
  • Fuzzy-trace theory posits reasoning relies on gist, not verbatim memory traces, for critical information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explain the memory-independence effect in children's reasoning development.
  • To investigate potential mutual interference between memory and reasoning processes.

Main Methods:

  • Studies involving children's story inferences were conducted.
  • Analysis focused on identifying memory-to-reasoning and reasoning-to-memory interference patterns.

Main Results:

  • Evidence for memory-to-reasoning interference was found, where strong memory recall impaired reasoning.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evidence for reasoning-to-memory interference was observed, where reasoning reduced memory trace distinctiveness.

    • Conclusions:

    • Fuzzy-trace theory provides a viable explanation for age-related dissociation between memory and reasoning.
    • Children's cognitive development involves complex interactions where memory and reasoning can interfere with each other.