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From the archives of the AFIP. Extralobar sequestration: radiologic-pathologic correlation
M L Rosado-de-Christenson1, A A Frazier, J T Stocker
1Department of Radiologic Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000.
Summary
Extralobar sequestration is a rare congenital lung anomaly where tissue is separate from the normal lung and has systemic blood supply. Surgical excision is the standard treatment, with a favorable prognosis for most patients.
Area of Science:
- Congenital Pulmonary Malformations
- Thoracic Surgery
- Pediatric Radiology
Background:
- Extralobar sequestration is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by pulmonary tissue separate from the normal lung.
- This anomaly typically derives its blood supply from systemic vessels.
- It often presents in newborns with respiratory distress but can manifest later in life.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the key features of extralobar sequestration.
- To highlight diagnostic imaging modalities.
- To outline the recommended treatment and prognosis.
Main Methods:
- Review of gross and microscopic pathology.
- Analysis of typical and atypical radiologic findings.
- Discussion of diagnostic imaging techniques including ultrasound, CT, and MRI.
- Evaluation of treatment outcomes.
Main Results:
- Extralobar sequestration presents as a distinct pulmonary tissue mass with systemic vascular supply.
- Radiologic diagnosis relies on identifying anomalous feeding and draining vessels.
- While angiography was historically used, modern imaging modalities are effective.
Conclusions:
- Extralobar sequestration requires surgical excision for effective treatment.
- Prognosis is generally favorable, particularly when unassociated with other congenital anomalies.