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Related Experiment Videos

Vaginal contraceptive rings

D R Mishell1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 9003.

Annals of Medicine
|April 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Contraceptive vaginal rings (CVR) offer effective birth control by releasing hormones. Newer formulations show promise for consistent ovulation inhibition and improved bleeding control without adverse lipid effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Pharmacology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Steroid diffusion through polysiloxane enables sustained release.
  • Vaginal epithelium facilitates rapid absorption into circulation.
  • This led to the development of contraceptive vaginal rings (CVR).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of various contraceptive vaginal ring formulations.
  • To assess user continuation rates and reasons for discontinuation.
  • To investigate the impact of CVRs on hormonal contraception and user acceptance.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical trials with progestin-only and combined progestin-estrogen CVRs.
  • Large-scale trials by WHO and multinational trials by Population Council.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Phase II trials of new CVR formulations containing NET-acetate or 3-ketodesogestrel with ethinyloestradiol.

    • Main Results:

    • Levonorgestrel-only CVRs had 50% continuation at 1 year, with menstrual issues and pregnancy as main discontinuations.
    • Levonorgestrel and oestradiol CVRs showed similar continuation rates, but development was halted due to adverse effects in monkeys.
    • Newer CVR formulations demonstrate good bleeding control, consistent ovulation inhibition, and no adverse effect on serum lipids.

    Conclusions:

    • Contraceptive vaginal rings are a viable hormonal contraceptive option.
    • Formulation development is crucial to balance efficacy, safety, and user acceptance.
    • Ongoing trials for new CVRs suggest improved safety and efficacy profiles for future hormonal contraception.