Effects of a HIV risk reduction education program among injection drug users in Puerto Rico

This report examines the extent to which an educational component enhanced the efficacy of a community outreach program in reducing HIV transmission behaviors among injecting drug users (IDUs). The experimental enhancement comprised three group educational sessions where detailed information on HIV risk and protective behaviors was conveyed, protective behaviors were shown and practiced, and a problem solving perspective guided discussion of serostatus results. Substantial risk reduction in behaviors were prospectively measured. However, IDUs assigned on a random basis to the enhanced intervention showed no significant differences in levels of risk reduction when compared to those assigned to the standard-only intervention. The chronic and intensive use of injected drugs among the IDUs studied and their high level of HIV infection suggest the need of interventions geared to maximize the utilization of health care services and enhance the supportive functions of familial and social networks of IDUs.