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Circulating proinsulin-like molecules
1University College, London Medical School, Whittington Hospital, England.
Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications
|April 1, 1993
Summary
Novel assays reveal elevated proinsulin levels in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), suggesting beta-cell dysfunction. Proinsulin
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Disorders
- Cardiovascular Risk
Background:
- Novel assays improve differentiation between proinsulin and insulin.
- Elevated proinsulin-like molecules are observed in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and impaired glucose tolerance.
- Hyperproinsulinemia can occur without hyperglycemia, indicating potential beta-cell dysfunction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To clarify the role of insulin deficiency in NIDDM.
- To investigate the association between proinsulin levels and cardiovascular risk factors.
- To explore the potential link between intrauterine nutrition, proinsulin levels, and cardiovascular events.
Main Methods:
- Utilized novel assays to distinguish proinsulin from insulin.
- Analyzed proinsulin levels in subjects with NIDDM and impaired glucose tolerance.
- Examined associations between proinsulin concentrations and cardiovascular risk factors.
Main Results:
- Proinsulin-like molecules are elevated in NIDDM and impaired glucose tolerance.
- Elevated proinsulin may indicate beta-cell dysfunction rather than increased demand.
- Associations found between elevated des 31,32 proinsulin and cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia).
Conclusions:
- Elevated proinsulin levels are linked to NIDDM and cardiovascular risk.
- Inadequate intrauterine nutrition may be a common factor for elevated proinsulin and cardiovascular risk.
- Further research is needed to elucidate proinsulin's metabolic effects and therapeutic potential, considering past study discontinuations due to adverse events.