[Hereditary gingival fibromatosis]

Area of Science:

• Oral pathology
• Connective tissue disorders

Context:

• Gingival fibromatosis presents as diffuse hyperplasia of gingival tissues.
• This condition can extensively cover teeth, impacting oral function.
• The etiology of gingival fibromatosis remains unclear, with potential contributing factors including trauma, hormonal influences, and genetics.

Purpose:

• To define gingival fibromatosis and discuss its clinical presentation.
• To explore the histogenesis and potential etiological factors.
• To review current treatment approaches and emphasize the importance of follow-up.

Summary:

• Fibromatosis involves benign fibrous tissue overgrowth that infiltrates surrounding tissues, characterized by recurrence but not metastasis.
• Gingival fibromatosis specifically manifests as significant hyperplasia of the maxillo-mandibular gingiva, sometimes obscuring all teeth.
• While surgical resection is the primary treatment, the high recurrence rate underscores the need for vigilant post-operative follow-up, often extending beyond three years.

Impact:

• Highlights the challenging nature of gingival fibromatosis management.
• Emphasizes the need for further research into its histogenesis and etiology.
• Informs clinical practice regarding surgical treatment and long-term patient monitoring for this rare condition.