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Ethnic differences on the Outcome Questionnaire

R S Nebeker1, M J Lambert, J C Huefner

  • 1Department of Psychology and Clinical Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602-8626, USA.

Psychological Reports
|December 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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This study found no significant ethnic differences in overall scores on the Outcome Questionnaire, a tool for tracking therapeutic progress. However, some individual items showed ethnic variations, highlighting nuanced differences in client-reported symptoms and distress.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • The Outcome Questionnaire (OQ) is a widely used 45-item inventory assessing client-reported symptoms and distress.
  • It facilitates tracking therapeutic change on a session-by-session basis.
  • Understanding potential ethnic variations in assessment tools is crucial for equitable mental healthcare.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze ethnic differences in scores on the Outcome Questionnaire.
  • To identify if specific items or subscales of the OQ yield different results across ethnic groups.
  • To explore ethnic trends in client problems, diagnoses, and functioning.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 1552 first-session Outcome Questionnaire data from a managed care provider.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilized analysis-of-variance (ANOVA) to compare mean total and subscale scores across ethnic groups.
  • Examined individual item responses for significant ethnic variations.

    • Main Results:

    • No statistically significant differences were found in the overall or subscale scores of the Outcome Questionnaire based on ethnicity.
    • Significant ethnic differences were observed on several individual items of the questionnaire.
    • Reported ethnic trends in client-reported problems, diagnoses, and therapist-rated Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scores.

    Conclusions:

    • While overall symptom and distress scores on the Outcome Questionnaire appear comparable across ethnic groups, specific items may capture culturally nuanced experiences.
    • Further research is warranted to understand the implications of item-level ethnic variations in clinical practice.
    • Findings contribute to the ongoing discussion on ethnic fairness in psychological assessment instruments.