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Atomic force microscopy of conditioning agents on dentin

G W Marshall1, M Balooch, J H Kinney

  • 1University of California, Department of Restorative Dentistry, San Francisco 94143-0758, USA.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
|November 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Dentin conditioning agents create micropores for bonding agents. Atomic force microscopy revealed that while phosphoric and citric acids smooth dentin surfaces, EDTA creates roughness, impacting bonding agent penetration.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Materials
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Dentin conditioning is crucial for dental adhesive bonding.
  • Understanding the surface morphology changes during conditioning is key to optimizing bonding agent penetration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the initial demineralization process of dentin using atomic force microscopy (AFM).
  • To correlate changes in dentin surface morphology with different demineralizing agents.

Main Methods:

  • Dentin disks were treated with 0.5 M EDTA, 3 mM/6 mM phosphoric acid, or 5 mM citric acid.
  • Surface morphology was analyzed using AFM at 2-second intervals up to 120 seconds.
  • A gold pattern was applied to samples as a height reference for precise measurements.

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Main Results:

  • EDTA treatment resulted in rough intertubular surfaces, unlike the smooth surfaces produced by phosphoric and citric acids.
  • Initial demineralization rates were similar across agents, but intertubular rates decreased after a 100-nm depth change.
  • Surface subsidence plateaued around 0.5 microns due to collagen scaffold contraction limits.

Conclusions:

  • Different dentin conditioning agents induce distinct surface topographies.
  • EDTA's roughness may influence bonding agent penetration compared to smoother acid-etched surfaces.
  • The collagen scaffold's hydration and contraction limit the extent of surface subsidence.