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Temperature effects on lymphocyte transformation invitro

R L Hirsch, B D Jeffries, I Gray

    Immunological Communications
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) induced lymphocyte transformation in rats is optimal at 37°C. Low temperatures (4-30°C) inhibit this process, possibly due to excessive PHA binding to lymphocyte surfaces.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology and Cell Biology
    • Molecular Biology

    Background:

    • Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) is a lectin commonly used to stimulate lymphocyte proliferation.
    • Temperature is a critical factor influencing cellular processes, including immune cell activation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effect of various culture temperatures on PHA-induced lymphocyte transformation in rats.
    • To elucidate the mechanism underlying temperature-dependent inhibition of lymphocyte activation.

    Main Methods:

    • Incubation of normal rat peripheral lymphocytes with PHA across a temperature range (4°C to 42°C).
    • Measurement of DNA and protein synthesis to assess lymphocyte transformation.
    • Analysis of lymphoblast appearance.
    • 125I-PHA binding studies to evaluate lectin-cell surface interactions.

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    Main Results:

    • Maximum lymphocyte transformation occurred at 37°C.
    • Insignificant lymphocyte stimulation was observed between 4°C and 30°C.
    • Temperatures above 37°C resulted in suboptimal transformation.
    • Low temperatures led to increased PHA binding to the cell surface.

    Conclusions:

    • Optimal temperature for PHA-induced rat lymphocyte transformation is 37°C.
    • Low temperatures inhibit lymphocyte transformation, potentially by causing excessive PHA binding that interferes with molecular signaling.
    • Temperature significantly impacts lymphocyte activation and PHA-lectin interactions.