Extensive vascular calcification in a patient with perinatally acquired AIDS

Extensive vascular calcification in an 8-year-old girl with perinatally acquired AIDS is reported. Complicating factors included cardiomyopathy, chronic lung disease, disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), and wasting syndrome with total nutrition dependence. Plain abdominal films and CT of the abdomen immediately prior to her death revealed dense calcification of major vessels. Autopsy revealed calcification in the media of most major vessels typical of HIV arteriopathy. A review of the literature failed to reveal a description of similar vascular calcifications in pediatric AIDS.