Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 11, 2026

Stem Cell-Derived Viral Ag-Specific T Lymphocytes Suppress HBV Replication in Mice
Published on: September 25, 2019
Activation of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha system in the liver in chronic hepatitis B virus infection
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610, USA.
Abstract:
To determine the status of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) system in the liver in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, hepatic expression of TNFalpha, its two receptors (TNFR-A, TNFR-B), HLA class I antigens (HLA-I), and HBV core antigen (HBcAg) were studied by immunohistochemistry in 24 patients with chronic HBV infection. TNFalpha was detected exclusively in the infiltrating mononuclear cells (MNC) in 19 of 24 patients. The expression of TNFalpha in infiltrating MNC correlated with serum markers of HBV replication and liver histology. TNFR were detected in hepatocytes, sinusoidal cells, and infiltrating MNC. The expression of TNFR correlated with liver histology (p < 0.01) but had no bearing on viral replication. There was a parallel expression of TNFalpha and TNFR (p < 0.01). Hepatocytic expression of HLA-I was increased, and this was related to liver histology but not with TNF alpha nor TNFR. These data indicate that the TNFalpha system is activated in the liver in chronic HBV infection.
Related Concept Videos
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
Hepatitis
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction
Cirrhosis I: Introduction
Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology

