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Some problems with the process-dissociation approach to memory

C S Dodson¹, M K Johnson

¹Department of Psychology, Princeton University, USA. chadd@violet.berkeley.edu

Journal of Experimental Psychology. General

|June 1, 1996

Summary

The process-dissociation framework

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Memory Research

Background:

The process-dissociation framework estimates controlled (recollection) and automatic (familiarity) memory processes.
This framework relies on specific assumptions about how these processes operate.

Purpose of the Study:

To critically examine three core assumptions of the process-dissociation framework.
To test the independence and consistency of recollection and familiarity estimates.

Main Methods:

Experiment 1 manipulated target/nontarget proportions and attention levels during inclusion/exclusion tests.
Experiment 2 altered stimulus similarity to investigate source confusions in recollection.

Main Results:

Familiarity estimates were influenced by test conditions and attention, challenging the automaticity assumption.
Source confusions demonstrated that recollection is not strictly all-or-none and affected test consistency.

Conclusions:

The findings challenge key assumptions of the process-dissociation framework regarding automaticity and consistency.
The source-monitoring framework provides a more consistent explanation for the observed memory phenomena.

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