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Screening and testing for gestational diabetes mellitus
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America
|March 1, 1996
Summary
Gestational diabetes mellitus screening is common in the US, but global guidelines vary. This article reviews optimal screening and diagnostic testing strategies for this pregnancy complication.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Endocrinology
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Background:
- Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is carbohydrate intolerance diagnosed during pregnancy.
- Universal GDM screening is common in the US, but international consensus is lacking.
- Debate exists regarding the optimal approach to GDM screening and diagnosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss the desirability of GDM screening programs.
- To review current practices and controversies in GDM screening.
- To consider best practices for GDM screening and diagnostic testing.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and expert discussion.
- Analysis of existing screening and diagnostic criteria.
- Synthesis of current evidence and recommendations.
Main Results:
- Over 75% of US obstetricians practice universal GDM screening.
- Significant international variation exists in GDM screening recommendations.
- No universal agreement on the optimal screening or diagnostic approach for GDM.
Conclusions:
- The need for GDM screening is generally accepted.
- Further research and international collaboration are needed to establish optimal screening and diagnostic protocols.
- Standardizing GDM testing can improve maternal and infant outcomes.