[Degenerated Buschke Loewenstein tumor of the scrotum]

The Buschke-Loewenstein tumour (BLT) is a sexually transmissible benign tumour of viral origin. It is characterized by a large tumour volume, the possibility of local recurrence and especially its potential for malignant transformation. We report a case of scrotal BLT in a 49-year-old patient with a history of recurrent scrotal fistula, with negative HIV serology, but in whom the search for Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) was not performed. The tumour arising from the scrotal skin was resected and the testis was found to be normal. Histology confirmed transformation of the tumour into a squamous cell carcinoma. The clinical course was favourable, after a follow-up of 8 months with no local recurrence. In the light of this case of rare tumour, especially in its malignant form and its unusual scrotal site, the authors review the problems related to clinical classification, histology (differential diagnosis with primary squamous cell carcinoma), clinical course and treatment raised by this tumour.