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A long-term study in children with a recognized gluten intolerance

B Nowowiejska1, M Kaczmarski, E J Dabrowska

  • 1Third Department of Pediatrics, Medical Academy of Białystok.

Roczniki Akademii Medycznej W Bialymstoku (1995)
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Children with gluten intolerance, often diagnosed as coeliac disease, frequently develop non-intestinal symptoms like neurological and growth issues. Adherence to a gluten-free diet is crucial for managing these health problems in pediatric patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Clinical Nutrition
  • Child Neurology

Background:

  • Gluten intolerance, particularly coeliac disease (CD), affects children with diverse clinical presentations.
  • The evolution of symptoms over time in pediatric patients with gluten intolerance requires further investigation.
  • Understanding the long-term consequences of gluten intolerance in children is essential for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical evolution and long-term outcomes in children diagnosed with gluten intolerance.
  • To identify the prevalence of intestinal versus parenteral symptoms in pediatric patients with gluten intolerance.
  • To investigate the impact of gluten intolerance on physical development, neurological status, and pubertal maturation.

Main Methods:

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  • A retrospective and prospective study involving 54 children diagnosed with gluten intolerance 5-10 years prior.
  • Confirmation of coeliac disease in 81.5% of the study cohort.
  • Clinical assessment focusing on intestinal and parenteral symptoms, growth parameters, pubertal development, and neurological status.

Main Results:

  • Coeliac disease was confirmed in 81.5% of children.
  • Intestinal symptoms were prevalent in younger children at diagnosis but decreased in adolescence (33%).
  • Parenteral symptoms, including osteoarticular, CNS, skin, and mucous membrane issues, affected 67% of patients at follow-up. Significant growth deficiencies and pubertal delays were observed, alongside neurological disorders in nearly two-thirds of cases. Approximately 5% exhibited mental retardation.

Conclusions:

  • Non-adherence to a gluten-free diet and parental cooperation challenges contribute to physical and mental disturbances.
  • Effective management of gluten intolerance in children necessitates a multidisciplinary approach.
  • Early and consistent dietary management is critical to mitigate long-term health complications in pediatric gluten intolerance.