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Aging and inhibitory control in text comprehension

J Dywan1, W E Murphy

  • 1Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.

Psychology and Aging
|June 1, 1996
PubMed
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Older adults struggle with inhibitory control, often vocalizing ignored words and making comprehension errors. Younger adults better suppress irrelevant information, indicating inhibitory regulation impacts response control, not just initial perception.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Development

Background:

  • Inhibitory regulation is crucial for filtering irrelevant information and controlling responses.
  • Age-related differences in cognitive control are well-documented.
  • Understanding the precise role of inhibition in perception versus response is key.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether inhibitory regulation affects initial information perception or response control.
  • To compare inhibitory control mechanisms in younger and older adults.
  • To explore the relationship between inhibitory regulation and source monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Participants read paragraphs containing to-be-ignored italicized words.
  • Vocalization of ignored words and comprehension errors were measured.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Recognition of ignored words was assessed subsequently.

    • Main Results:

    • Older adults were more prone to vocalizing ignored words and making comprehension errors.
    • Younger adults showed better suppression of to-be-ignored information.
    • Younger adults demonstrated superior recognition of words they had seemingly ignored.

    Conclusions:

    • Inhibitory regulation primarily controls response selectivity rather than initial perception.
    • Age-related deficits in inhibitory control may stem from on-line monitoring of goal-relevant responses.
    • Shared mechanisms may underlie age-related difficulties in inhibitory regulation and source monitoring.