Identification of nasal epithelial cells with carbonic anhydrase activity

Although carbonic anhydrase (CA) plays an important role in respiration, there is little information about CA in the respiratory system except for the lung. We examined the entire nasal cavity of guinea pig to identify CA activity using an enzyme-histochemical method. CA activity was detected in a group of morphologically distinct nasal epithelial cells. These cells were singly and sparsely distributed mainly in the olfactory epithelium and their number increased rostrocaudally. These cells were also detected in the apical portion of the nasal turbinate, particularly on the nasal endoturbinate, with a more complicated structure, rather than on the nasal septum and the roof of nasal cavity. Although the physiological role of these cells in unknown, based on the morphological and histochemical characteristics and the distribution of these cells, we speculated that they may represent a specialized chemoreceptors.