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Heroin dependence effects on some major and trace elements

T Elnimr1, A Hashem, R Assar

  • 1Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt.

Biological Trace Element Research
|August 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Heroin dependence alters essential mineral levels in adult males. Trace elements like copper and bromine increased, while zinc, iron, and calcium significantly decreased with prolonged heroin use.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Toxicology
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Heroin dependence is a complex condition with significant physiological impacts.
  • Trace and major element imbalances are increasingly recognized as consequences of substance abuse.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of heroin dependence on whole blood, serum, and red blood cell levels of specific trace and major elements.
  • To correlate elemental level changes with the duration of heroin intake.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 56 adult subjects (14 controls, 42 heroin addicts) using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF).
  • Measurement of zinc, manganese, iron, copper, bromine, phosphorus, sulfur, calcium, potassium, and chlorine levels.
  • Comparison of elemental levels between heroin-dependent individuals and a control group, considering duration of dependence.

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Main Results:

  • Significant increases in whole blood copper (22%) and bromine (32%) in male heroin addicts.
  • Significant decreases in zinc (49%), iron (8%), manganese (25%), calcium (34%), sulfur (21%), phosphorus (51%), potassium (61%), and chlorine (72%) in proportion to heroin intake duration.
  • No significant sexual variation in elemental level changes was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Heroin dependence significantly alters the homeostasis of essential trace and major elements in adult males.
  • The duration of heroin use is directly correlated with the magnitude of these elemental level changes.
  • These findings highlight potential biochemical markers and therapeutic targets in heroin addiction management.