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Related Experiment Videos

Voluntary rhythmical movement is reset by stimulating the motor cortex

D S Wagener1, J G Colebatch

  • 1Department of Neurology and School of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney NSW, Australia.

Experimental Brain Research
|September 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

This study found that magnetic cortical stimulation can reset voluntary wrist movements, particularly during extension tasks. The motor cortex was identified as the optimal site for inducing this phase resetting effect.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Human Movement Science

Background:

  • Voluntary alternating movements rely on precise neural control.
  • Understanding cortical mechanisms for movement phase resetting is crucial for rehabilitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify optimal cortical sites for magnetic stimulation to reset voluntary wrist movements.
  • To investigate the effects of varying torque loads on cortical phase resetting.
  • To correlate cortical stimulation effects with electromyographic (EMG) responses.

Main Methods:

  • Six healthy subjects performed voluntary alternating wrist movements against extension and flexion torques.
  • Nine cortical sites were systematically stimulated using magnetic stimulation.
  • Nett resetting was quantified to measure phase resetting.

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  • EMG activity of forearm muscles was recorded.

    • Main Results:

    • All subjects showed evidence of phase resetting during extension torque, with higher levels than unloaded movements.
    • Optimal sites for resetting corresponded to motor cortex areas evoking short-latency muscle responses.
    • Cortical stimulation induced short-latency excitation, followed by inhibition and then excitation in forearm muscles.

    Conclusions:

    • The motor cortex is a key target for magnetic stimulation to reset voluntary wrist movements.
    • Cortical phase resetting is load-dependent, being more effective during resistive (extension) tasks.
    • Stimulation elicits a complex sequence of muscle responses, influencing movement rhythm.